As a Mongolian Woman, I sincerely feel sorry for our fellow woman been trafficked to China and Other Countries as a sex slaves. It is indeed a shame. I have heard the numbers are around 5000 or so in China. Regardless it is indeed a lot for small country. And I am sure the numbers will increase.

This is a really good post keep on rocking

Thanks, but this was more of a waltz number. Stay tuned for the heavy metal.

Excellent research. Keep up the good work.

Having seen a few Mongolian working girls, living in the same comples as me..the comples is a chinese apartment building surround by ExPat Housing.. .. they come and go free will and work in the bars of the Holiday Inn and other hotels) in Beijing...Most rent apartments with other working girls and some I have met go to school...havent seen the slave trade mentioned..just working girls doing what working girls do...

There are lots of Mongolian women doing this kind of thing in UB. What's more, there are an awful lot of students willing to become your long-term "girlfriend" in return for partially supporting her. (And they'll pester you for it, too. Once the girl thinks you're a good prospect, she'll keep at you.)

You may approve or disapprove of this sort of thing, but to feel sorry for women like this is to be patronising. Mongolian women are tough. Many women in UB are raising kids single-handedly, either having been left by their husband, or just as likely, having kicked the alcoholic out the door. They can fight, and often can beat a man when they do. They don't need you to feel sorry that "good girls" or "proud women" are reduced to doing this kind of thing for a living. Prostitution is only an abject profession because men say it is -- men will use a prostitute's services and then slander the women who offer them. Any woman who is dependent on how men judge her is still in thrall to a male-dominated society.

So have some respect for these women. Prostitution is an economic activity; it's only sign of moral or social oppression if that's how you want to define it.

Good points, good points Oz, but you're referring to a different aspect of prostitution than I. There's a big difference between being a tough Mongolian woman who goes into the biz of her own choice, and one who gets forced in. If you saw what goes on in the clip joints of Beijing and Macau, let alone those in Thailand and Cambodia, you wouldn't quibble over definitions (unless you read too much Noam Chomsky). You'd call it slavery.

I don't agree with 'white slavery' any more than anyone else. I don't have any quibble with your condemnation of forced prostitution.

I've never done any academic study on the issue and can't say I know what the real situation is on the ground. I'm sure there are women (and not a few women, at that) who have been deceived into prostitution. It happens in Mongolia, it happens in China, it happens in Russia, it happens in Poland....

Still, when we're dealing with such an emotive issue, though it's hard to get a balanced perspective, it's important that we do.

1. For starters, I've never spoken to Mongolian prostitutes in Macau, but I have spoken to Chinese prostitutes. They fork out a tidy sum (I was told 10,000 RMB) to get a pass to Macau so they can make some serious money. I am sure that there are plenty of women who are there against their choice, but there are also plenty who are not.

2. For what it's worth, a Mongolian government investigation into the issue some months ago found it difficult to find evidence that forced prostitution is nearly as widespread as alleged. Now I have no idea whether this finding can be taken seriously. It may be a bunch of politicians trying to sweep a serious issue under the carpet. But on the face of it, the finding suggests that the emotionalism of the issue is making it sound more serious and widespread than it is.

3. The idea that many of these women don't know what they are letting themselves in for doesn't quite sit right. There are plenty, and I mean plenty, of sweet young things in Mongolia who know exactly what sex for money is about. It's quite possible that some of the women who got into this bind didn't realise that they would be putting themselves in the hands of criminals when they decided to go across the border, which is not nice, but is something you should take into account when you decide to enter that kind of industry. Of course, if you were a woman who specifically wanted to avoid prostitution, but ended up getting enslaved anyway, it's a pretty tough hand to be played.

As I said, I am not condoning forced prostitution. It is totally repugnant to use criminal actions and enslavement to destroy a person's chances of living a decent happy life. But this article derives its punch by juxtaposing the fate of enslaved women against the traditional position of women in Mongolian society. And somehow the tone was just too simplistic. Another introspective piece that is somehow off the point....

I'm beginning to suspect the only material on China not too simplistic for you, Oz, are those hefty 300$ works of Sinology you have to buy as required reading for a post-grad degree. I've got to keep things relatively light for internet surfers, not to mention writing 3 of these a week. Any suggestions for upcoming articles much appreciated.

You're a good writer, and throught-provoking, too. I realise it's kind of deflating to have someone pick holes in a good piece of writing, especially someone who pompously overuses words like "simplistic".

I think it unfortunate that a lot of your efforts attract no comment whatsoever, and where they do, only comments of the most perfunctory kind. I added my longish notes because I felt that your article was worth commenting on. You often have interesting ideas in your pieces, but where I disagree I feel compelled to write. I'm not trying to tear your work down, merely trying to engage in a kind of debate. If it sounds like destructive criticism that's my fault, and I apologise. I hope my carping doesn't discourage you from going on to write more contemplative pieces from your unique perspective, and I look forward to reading them.

Ozymandias

You didn't have to say all that, Oz, but I'm glad you did. Believe me, I appreciate the thoughtful feedback, and am way too old and thick of skin to take criticism too personally, especially criticism as thoughtful as yours. I only wish I had more time to put into these articles. Truly, thanks for reading.

In recent times, relations between the sexes have been beset by much disorder, brought about by various factors, among them the existence of gender roles which have their origin in economic structures that appeared during the Industrial Revolution and its destruction of traditional communities where the woman had a more weighty position in society than she was to be allotted in what we call modern civilization.

I don’t know about now but many women including teenage girls were trafficked form our country by convincing them that they will be given good work but most of them ended up in prostitution.

Over the years, Erenhot – just across the Mongolian border in the People’s Republic of China – has become a very popular destination with Mongolians. Most go there on business, but there are some who go for other reasons too. The town now has a large concentration of Mongolian female sex workers and is also a transit post for a large network of groups engaged in human trafficking.

The differentiation between tribes and peoples (nationalities) is handled differently depending on the country. The Tumed, Chahar, Ordos, Bargut (or Barga), Buryats, Dörböd (Dörvöd, Dörbed), Torguud, Dariganga, Üzemchin (or Üzümchin), Bayid, Khoton, Myangad (Mingad), Zakhchin (Zakchin), Darkhad, and Oirats (or Öölds or Ölöts) are all counted as tribes of the Mongols.

Adding to this muddle has been a confusion between social roles and sexual characteristics and appearances. As will be understood, there is an acute need for wisdom and understanding between the sexes both in the organization of private and public life. A historical overview of some aspects of the roles played by women among the Old Mongols will hopefully serve to cast more light over some of this complexity we as men and women have to deal with.

Nevertheless it would be a major mistake to infer that the Mongol society of the 1200's was inappreciative of female wisdom and that women did not wield authority.

In Inner Mongolia, official language policy divides the Mongolian language into three dialects: South Mongolian, Oirat and Barghu-Buryat. "Inner Mongolian" is said to consist of Chakhar, Ordos, Baarin, Khorchin, Kharchin and Alasha; it is assumed that they jointly provide a standard grammar despite their internal grammatical differences.

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Ts. Battaivan writes here about what they learned from and about the women, and about the growth in cross-border sex work and the women who are involved in it. The trip report also reveals the various risk factors for HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

As will be understood, there is an acute need for wisdom and understanding between the sexes both in the organization of private and public life. A historical overview of some aspects of the roles played by women among the Old Mongols will hopefully serve to cast more light over some of this complexity we as men and women have to deal with.

The specific origin of the Mongolic languages and associated tribes is unclear. Some researchers have proposed a link to languages like Tungusic and Turkic, which are often included alongside Mongolic in a hypothetical group called Altaic languages, but this grouping is controversial.

During the Industrial Revolution and its destruction of traditional communities where the woman had a more weighty position in society than she was to be allotted in what we call modern civilization.

On the contrary, women enjoyed a substantially stronger social position among the Mongols than what was the case in the civilized and more male-dominated states of Persia and China. One example of the comparatively strong position of women among the Old Mongols was the belief that it was advantageous if a man's wife was somewhat older than her man, so that she could be wiser than him, and be able to guide him in worldly matters.

There is an eye-catching statue of a naked woman in a large street in Erenhot. Local people say that it is a tribute to the beauty of Mongolian women. Nobody could tell us much more about the statue: who commissioned it, who built it or when it was installed.

I'm surprised and horrified to hear of these peoples suffering. China has got to sort out its human rights issues if it's to truly prosper on the global political scene

I left my native Mongolia to study at the Moscow University of Rail Transport where I graduated in 1986 in railway administration and transport planning. From July 1986 until July 1988, I held a number of posts at two freight stations in Tolgoit and Ulaanbaatar, controlling freight movements. In 1988, I was appointed head of the Ticket Reservations Centre at Ulaanbaatar Station, where I was named stationmaster in March 1989 at age 27.

One example of the comparatively strong position of women among the Old Mongols was the belief that it was advantageous if a man's wife was somewhat older than her man, so that she could be wiser than him, and be able to guide him in worldly matters.

Mongolian women are attractive and many of them dress to show off, perhaps because they have only a short summer in which that is possible.

That's one theory.

I think there are good piece of writings about mongolian women and their culture in the past.

I think there are good piece of writings about mongolian women and their culture in the past.

One example of the comparatively strong position of women among the Old Mongols was the belief that it was advantageous if a man's wife was somewhat older than her man, so that she could be wiser than him, and be able to guide him in worldly matters.

The 1921 revolution began efforts to bring women into public life and into the extra-domestic labor force. The state's constant efforts to promote population growth also have led to a strong emphasis on women's reproductive capacities; bearing large numbers of children has been considered a civic duty. Possible contradictions between women's productive role in the economy and their reproductive role in the population have been glossed over in public rhetoric. The tension had existed, however, and frequent childbearing, state-mandated maternity leaves, as well as caring for young children probably have affected the sorts of jobs women hold and their commitment to their occupational roles.

The last 50 years for the Chinese & Indians were the years of living dangerously; the years of living under the specter of racial pogroms.

Possible contradictions between women's productive role in the economy and their reproductive role in the population have been glossed over in public rhetoric.

It is characteristic of Mongolian attitudes toward male and female contributions that the care of sheep—which provided Mongolians with their basic, daily sustenance—was the responsibility of women, while the care of horses—which contributed much less to subsistence but more to prestige, war, and sport—was the prerogative of men.

The women dancing in bars and entertaining men at their tables did not look particularly young to us. Indeed, when we chatted with them most said that they were aged between 25 and 30. All of them were mothers, with up to three children. We talked to 10 of the women, and the story of one of them, Doogii (her name has been changed), is typical of their circumstances.

Possible contradictions between women's productive role in the economy and their reproductive role in the population have been glossed over in public rhetoric. The tension had existed, however, and frequent childbearing, state-mandated maternity leaves, as well as caring for young children probably have affected the sorts of jobs women hold and their commitment to their occupational roles.

The most highly skilled Mongolian scientists, engineers, military officers, and administrators had been trained in the Soviet Union. In 1989 no figures were available on the percentage of women among these elite professionals. Mongolian accounts of working women indicated that some women worked in such jobs as airline pilot, judge, and sculptor, and that women predominated in the less highly paid food processing, textile, and catering trades.

Mongolian women had legal equality, but once in the labor force they suffered the familiar double burden of housework and child care on top of a day's work for wages. This problem was recognized, and a series of studies begun by the Mongolian Academy of Sciences in 1978 found that the greatest source of strain on urban women was excessive hours spent in transit to and from work and shopping.

Mongolian women has their own beuaty and characteristic. From Mongolian age long time ago, Mongolian women has known by others. They has big potentials in arts and other activities, so many man get insult with Mongolian women beauty.
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A historical overview of some aspects of the roles played by women among the Old Mongols will hopefully serve to cast more light over some of this complexity we as men and women have to deal with.

Mongolian women (today), played a different but similar in their clans, by feminist subordinates strict standards, but balanced for those who understand the subtle dynamics of public and private life and women have been trafficked to China and other countries as sex slaves. The women suffered damage and public risk for countless millions of their counterparts around the world, the HIV drug addiction.
Mongolian women (yesterday), they carry all the labor-intensive their harsh Mongolian economy has not feminine shoulders. and women up and gallop as skilled as men. Even saw them carrying bows and arrows, and the women can ride horses for the people, they have shorter stirrups, handle the horse very well, and the thought of all the properties (Tartar women).

Unable either to sit with spontaneous grace or to topple with desperate courage, she looks confused and sad.

I think, in China the emphasis on urban women excessive hours spent in work and shopping. Mongolian women have legal equality, in a friendly work force they suffer the double burden of housework and work for wages. So this is a contradiction between the productive role of women in the economy.

The 1921 revolution began efforts to bring women into public life and into the extra-domestic labor force. The state's constant efforts to promote population growth also have led to a strong emphasis on women's reproductive capacities; bearing large numbers of children has been considered a civic duty.

Rolling Razor

I've never done any academic study on the issue and can't say I know what the real situation is on the ground. I'm sure there are women (and not a few women, at that) who have been deceived into prostitution. It happens in Mongolia, it happens in China, it happens in Russia, it happens in Poland....

Traditional Mongols combined firm notions of female subordination with a flexible attitude toward female participation in male-associated tasks, and women ordinarily filled in for men when no males were available for such activities as milking horses or even riding them in races.

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The Mongolian ethnic minority is chiefly distributed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, and they call themselves "Mongolians", meaning "Eternal Fires". People also call them "an ethnic minority on horseback". The Mongolians have their own language and alphabets. Mongolian women's headwear is unique.sexy costumes

There are plenty, and I mean plenty, of sweet young things in Mongolia who know exactly what sex for money is about. It's quite possible that some of the women who got into this bind didn't realise that they would be putting themselves in the hands of criminals when they decided to go across the border, which is not nice, but is something you should take into account when you decide to enter that kind of industry.